Hyperpigmentation is a broad term that covers any excessively pigmentated (brown / black / red / pink) marks on the skin. It can also be referred to as age / sun spots.

Pigmentation literally means coloring. Your skin gets its colour from a pigment called melanin. Special cells within the skin make your melanin. When these cells become damaged or unhealthy, it affects their melanin production: If your body makes too much melanin, your skin gets darker. Some pigmentation disorders affect just patches of skin whereas others affect your entire body.

Hyperpigmentation can also be post inflammatory trauma which normal presents as redness from inflammation to the skin.